UPSC Syllabus 2025 for IAS Prelims, Mains and Optional Subjects

युनियन पब्लिक सर्व्हिस कमिशनने (UPSC) 2025 सिव्हिल सर्व्हिसेस परीक्षेसाठी अधिकृत अभ्यासक्रम जारी केला आहे. जर तुम्ही या परीक्षेची तयारी करत असाल, तर अभ्यासक्रम जाणून घेणे महत्त्वाचे आहे. या लेखात प्रिलिम्स आणि मेन्स परीक्षेसाठी आवश्यक विषयांचा समावेश आहे, जसे की इतिहास, राज्यशास्त्र, भूगोल, अर्थशास्त्र, चालू घडामोडी, अंतर्गत सुरक्षा, पर्यावरण, विज्ञान, तंत्रज्ञान आणि बरेच काही. तुमच्या अभ्यासाचे योग्य नियोजन करण्यासाठी आणि प्रभावी तयारीसाठी याचा उपयोग करा.

UPSC Syllabus and Exam Pattern

The UPSC Civil Services Exam 2025 will be held on 25 May 2025, according to the updated UPSC Calander 2025. The exam has two stages: Prelims and Mains, followed by an interview. The Prelims include two papers: General Studies Paper-I and CSAT (which is qualifying). Candidates who pass the Prelims will move on to the Mains, a descriptive exam that affects the final merit list.

UPSC Exam Pattern 2025

Here is the exam pattern, including the total number of papers and the overall marks. It covers the structure and marks distribution for the exam.

• Final Merit List is based on UPSC Mains + Interview Marks = 2025 Marks

UPSC Prelims Exam Pattern 2025

UPSC प्रिलिम्स ही सिव्हिल सर्व्हिसेस परीक्षेची पहिली चरण आहे, जी मुख्य परीक्षेसाठी उमेदवारांची निवड करण्यासाठी घेतली जाते. प्रिलिम्सच्या गुणांचा अंतिम निकालात समावेश केला जात नाही. या परीक्षेत दोन बहुपर्यायी प्रश्नपत्रिका असतात, ज्यामध्ये इतिहास, राज्यशास्त्र, भूगोल, अर्थशास्त्र, चालू घडामोडी आणि भारत तसेच जगातील महत्त्वाचे विषय यांचा समावेश असतो. ही परीक्षा एकूण 400 गुणांसाठी असते.

UPSC Prelims Exam details: Overview

UPSC Mains Exam Pattern 2025

Candidates who pass the UPSC Prelims exam can appear for the Mains exam. The Mains consist of two qualifying papers and seven regular papers, and the marks from these papers are used to prepare the final merit list.

UPSC IAS Mains Exam Pattern

Qualifying Papers

Papers Counted for Merit

• The Indian Language (Paper A) and English (Paper B) are qualifying papers; their marks are not considered for ranking.
• These language papers are at Matriculation or equivalent standard.
• Candidates must score at least 25% in both the Indian Language and English papers to have their Essay, General Studies, and
• Optional Subject papers considered for merit.
• Only marks from Paper I-VII will count for the final ranking.
• The Main exam papers will be of essay-type, with each paper lasting 3 hours.
• Candidates can answer all papers, except the qualifying language ones, in any language from the Eighth Schedule or in English.
• All papers (except language literature) will be available in Hindi and English.
• Blind candidates and those with locomotor disabilities or cerebral palsy will receive 20 minutes of extra time per hour for both Prelims and Mains

UPSC Syllabus 2025 for Prelims Exam

To prepare for the UPSC Prelims 2025, it is important to understand the syllabus. Below, we have provided the syllabus for General Studies Paper 1 (GS 1) and CSAT (Paper 2) to guide you better.

GS Paper 1 consists of the following topics as mentioned in the UPSC syllabus for prelims.

• Current events of National and international importance
• Indian & World Geography
• History of India & Indian National Movement
•  General Science
• Economic and Social Development, Sustainable Development, Poverty, Inclusion, Demographics, Social Sector Initiatives, etc.
• Indian Polity and Governance: Public Policy, Rights Issues, Panchayati Raj, Political System, and Constitution, among Other
• General issues on Environmental ecology, Bio-diversity & climate change – that do not require subject specialization

GS Paper 2 (CSAT) covers the following topics for UPSC Syllabus 2025

• The UPSC Syllabus 2025 for Prelims CSAT consists of 80 questions on specific areas, with a maximum mark of 200. You have two hours to finish the questions. UPSC administers the CSAT exam in the evening.
• Logical reasoning & analytical ability.
• Interpersonal skills including communication skills.
• Basic numeracy and data interpretation.
• Decision-making & problem-solving.
• General mental ability

UPSC Syllabus 2025 for Mains Exam

UPSC मुख्य परीक्षा 4 सामान्य अध्ययन (GS) पेपर, 2 ऐच्छिक विषयाचे पेपर, 1 निबंध पेपर आणि 2 पात्रता परीक्षा पेपर मिळून असते. या विभागात मुख्य परीक्षेच्या अभ्यासक्रमाचा सविस्तर आढावा घेतला आहे. या विभागाचे महत्त्व लक्षात घेऊन, अंतिम गुणवत्ता यादीतील तुमचा क्रमांक ठरवण्यात याचा मोठा वाटा असेल. त्यामुळे या विभागाचे सखोल समजून घेण्यासाठी हा लेख नीट वाचण्याचा सल्ला दिला जातो.

UPSC Syllabus for Mains Language Paper

The questions would follow the following general pattern in both the English Language and in Indian Language.

UPSC Syllabus 2025 for Essay Exam

या परीक्षेत तुम्हाला विविध विषयांवर निबंध लिहायला सांगितले जाईल, ज्यासाठी 1000-1250 शब्दांची मर्यादा असेल. विषयावर केंद्रीत राहणे, लिखाण स्पष्ट आणि नेमके ठेवणे तसेच विचार तर्कसंगत पद्धतीने मांडणे महत्त्वाचे आहे. तुमचे विचार स्पष्ट आणि अचूक मांडल्यास चांगले गुण मिळतील. तुमच्या कौशल्यात सुधारणा करण्यासाठी तत्त्वज्ञानाशी संबंधित विषयांवर लेखन सराव करणे उपयुक्त ठरू शकते.

UPSC Syllabus for GS Paper I

Indian Heritage and Culture, History and Geography of the World and Society.

• Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, literature, and Architecture from ancient to modern times.
• Modern Indian history from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present- significant events, personalities, and issues.
• The Freedom Struggle its various stages and important contributors/contributions from different parts of the country.
• Post-independence consolidation and reorganization within the country.
• History of the world will include events from the 18th century such as the Industrial Revolution, world wars, redrawal of national boundaries, colonization, decolonization, political philosophies like communism, capitalism, socialism, etc.— their forms and effects on society.
• Salient features of Indian Society, Diversity of India.
• Role of women and women’s organization, population and associated issues, poverty and developmental issues, urbanization, their problems, and their remedies.
• Effects of globalization on Indian society.
• Social empowerment, communalism, regionalism & secularism.
• Salient features of the world’s physical geography.
• Distribution of key natural resources across the world (including South Asia and the Indian sub-continent); factors responsible for the location of primary, secondary, and tertiary sector industries in various parts of the world (including India).
• Important Geophysical phenomena such as earthquakes, tsunamis, Volcanic activity, cyclones, etc., geographical features and their location-changes in critical geographical features (including water-bodies and ice-caps) and flora and fauna and the effects of such changes

UPSC Syllabus for GS Paper II

Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International Relations.

• Indian Constitution—historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant provisions, and basic structure.
• Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the States, issues and challenges about the federal structure, devolution of powers and finances up to local levels, and challenges therein.
• Separation of powers between various organs disputes redressal mechanisms and institutions.
• Comparison of the Indian constitutional scheme with that of other countries.
• Parliament and State legislatures—structure, functioning, conduct of business, powers & privileges, and issues arising out of these.
• Structure, organization, and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary—Ministries and Departments of the Government; pressure groups and formal/informal associations and their role in the Polity.
• Salient features of the Representation of People’s Act.
• Appointment to various Constitutional posts, powers, functions, and responsibilities of various Constitutional Bodies.
• Statutory, regulatory, and various quasi-judicial bodies.
• Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation.
• Development processes and the development industry —the role of NGOs, SHGs, various groups and associations, donors, charities, institutional and other stakeholders.
• Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States and the performance of these schemes; mechanisms, laws, institutions, and Bodies constituted for the protection and betterment of these vulnerable sections.
• Issues relating to the development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, and Human Resources.
• Issues relating to poverty and hunger.
• Important aspects of governance, transparency and accountability, e-governance- applications, models, successes, limitations, and potential; citizens charters, transparency & accountability, and institutional and other measures.
• Role of civil services in a democracy.
• India and its neighborhood- relations.
• Bilateral, regional, and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests.
• Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests, Indian diaspora.
• Important International institutions, agencies, and fora – their structure, mandate

UPSC Syllabus For GS Paper III

Technology, Economic Development, Bio diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster Management.

UPSC Syllabus For GS Paper IV

The Ethics, Integrity, and Aptitude paper tests candidates on their honesty, moral values in public life, and ability to solve social issues and conflicts. It may include case studies to assess these qualities. The important areas covered in this paper include

UPSC Syllabus for Optional Subjects

In the UPSC Mains, there are two Optional Subject papers (Paper I and Paper II). Candidates must choose one subject from the list provided, and the chosen subject will have two papers. The following are the available Optional Subjects.

UPSC Interview Syllabus

UPSC मुलाखत हा परीक्षेतील अंतिम टप्पा आहे, जो सामान्य ज्ञान आणि जागतिक घडामोडींवर केंद्रित असतो. यासाठी कोणताही ठराविक अभ्यासक्रम नसतो, कारण या मुलाखतीचा उद्देश उमेदवार सिव्हिल सर्व्हिसेससाठी योग्य आहे की नाही हे तपासणे असतो. मुलाखत 275 गुणांची असते, तर लेखी परीक्षा एकूण 1750 गुणांची असते.

How to Download UPSC CSE Syllabus PDF

Step 1: Official UPSC Website

Go to the official website of the UPSC (https://www.upsc.gov.in/).

Step 2: Click the Syllabus Section

On the homepage, find the Examination tab and click on it. From the drop-down menu, select Syllabus.

Step 3: Choose the Civil Service Exam

In the Syllabus section, you will find a list of all UPSC examinations. Select the Civil Service Exam.

Step 4: Download the Syllabus

Click on the link and the syllabus will be displayed in PDF format ready to be downloaded for your reference.

UPSC अभ्यासक्रम 2025 पूर्ण करण्यासाठी तयारीच्या टिप्स

UPSC अभ्यासक्रम प्रभावीपणे कव्हर करण्यासाठी खालील रणनीती उपयुक्त ठरू शकतात:

• जागतिक घडामोडींची माहिती ठेवण्यासाठी दररोज वृत्तपत्र वाचा.
• इतिहास, राज्यशास्त्र, भूगोल आणि अर्थशास्त्राचा मजबूत पाया तयार करण्यासाठी 6 वी ते 12 वी पर्यंतच्या NCERT पुस्तके पूर्ण करा.
• परीक्षेच्या पद्धती आणि प्रश्नांचे स्वरूप समजून घेण्यासाठी मागील वर्षांचे प्रश्नपत्रे सोडा.
• अभ्यासक्रम पूर्ण केल्यानंतर दररोज मॉक टेस्ट द्या.
• शिकण्याची प्रक्रिया अधिक प्रभावी करण्यासाठी दररोज, आठवड्यातून आणि महिन्यातून नियमित पुनरावलोकन करा.